lvm 사용 환경 디스크 용량 늘리기

LVM (Logical Volume Manage)

 

논리적 서버에서 부족한 용량 확장하는 방법

터미널 접속 후 서버 용량 확인

$ df -h Filesystem                  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root      50G   50G   20K 100% / devtmpfs                     32G     0   32G   0% /dev tmpfs                        32G     0   32G   0% /dev/shm tmpfs                        32G  3.8G   28G  12% /run tmpfs                        32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1                  1014M  179M  836M  18% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home     245G  508M  245G   1% /home 10.231.227.140:/datalake01  536G  2.3G  534G   1% /nfs-hci-01 tmpfs                       6.3G   12K  6.3G   1% /run/user/42 tmpfs                       6.3G     0  6.3G   0% /run/user/0 tmpfs                       6.3G     0  6.3G   0% /run/user/1000

늘어나기 전 disk 용량 확인 (늘어난 용량 확인하기 위함)

# fdisk /dev/sda   The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted. Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.     Command (m for help): p   Disk /dev/sda: 336.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000b5b4d      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux /dev/sda2         2099200   629145599   313523200   8e  Linux LVM   Command (m for help): q

사용하시는 환경에 맞추어 disk 용량 추가(예 : vmware 디스크 용량 추가?)
 

터미널 재접속 후 root 권한 얻기
 

총 물리적 disk 용량 확인 (늘어난 용량 확인하기 위함)

[root@mesos04 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda   The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted. Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.     Command (m for help): p   Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000b5b4d      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux /dev/sda2         2099200   629145599   313523200   8e  Linux LVM   Command (m for help): q

Pvscan을 통한 physical volume 및 lvm2 상태 확인

[root@mesos04 ~]# pvscan   PV /dev/sda2   VG centos          lvm2 [<299.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]   Total: 1 [<299.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<299.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

Lvdisplay 를 통한 용량을 늘릴 filesystem 확인

# lvdisplay   --- Logical volume ---   LV Path                /dev/centos/swap   LV Name                swap   VG Name                centos   LV UUID                Vd3916-46XL-iRfn-cAfI-f6Qt-rOD6-alkRXe   LV Write Access        read/write   LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-05-10 10:14:54 +0900   LV Status              available   # open                 2   LV Size                <3.88 GiB   Current LE             992   Segments               1   Allocation             inherit   Read ahead sectors     auto   - currently set to     8192   Block device           253:1     --- Logical volume ---   LV Path                /dev/centos/home   LV Name                home   VG Name                centos   LV UUID                krmoBp-7Hos-i8am-LeBc-pcFH-Vw8F-ON0cRb   LV Write Access        read/write   LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-05-10 10:14:55 +0900   LV Status              available   # open                 1   LV Size                <245.12 GiB   Current LE             62750   Segments               1   Allocation             inherit   Read ahead sectors     auto   - currently set to     8192   Block device           253:2     --- Logical volume ---   LV Path                /dev/centos/root   LV Name                root   VG Name                centos   LV UUID                TxWne9-cHgr-mpB8-4Xw2-fBd2-2cNe-sxf4Cr   LV Write Access        read/write   LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2019-05-10 10:14:57 +0900   LV Status              available   # open                 1   LV Size                50.00 GiB   Current LE             12800   Segments               1   Allocation             inherit   Read ahead sectors     auto   - currently set to     8192   Block device           253:0

Fdisk 를 이용한 파티션 생성

# fdisk /dev/sda   The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted. Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).   Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command.     Command (m for help): n Partition type:    p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)    e   extended Select (default p): p Partition number (3,4, default 3): 3    <- 파티션넘버!! First sector (629145600-1048575999, default 629145600): Using default value 629145600 Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (629145600-1048575999, default 1048575999): Using default value 1048575999 Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 200 GiB is set   Command (m for help): p   Disk /dev/sda: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes, 1048576000 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000b5b4d      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux /dev/sda2         2099200   629145599   313523200   8e  Linux LVM /dev/sda3       629145600  1048575999   209715200   83  Linux   Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3     <-파티션 넘버 중요 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e    <- lvm 사용한다는 말인듯? Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'   Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered!   Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.   WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 장치나 자원이 동작 중. The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) Syncing disks.

재부팅(기존프로세스 영향상태 확인 후 재부팅 바람.)
shutdown -r now

터미널 재접속

 

Pvscan (기존 physical volume scanning)

[root@mesos04 ~]# pvscan   PV /dev/sda2   VG centos          lvm2 [<299.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]   Total: 1 [<299.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<299.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

Pvcreate를 통한 물리적 볼륨 생성

# pvcreate /dev/sda3 <-파티션넘버   Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.

Pvscan을 통한 용량 확인 (ex.200GB 새로 추가)

# pvscan   PV /dev/sda2   VG centos          lvm2 [<299.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]   PV /dev/sda3                      lvm2 [200.00 GiB]   Total: 2 [<499.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<299.00 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [200.00 GiB]

볼륨그룹 확인(vgdisplay)

# vgdisplay   --- Volume group ---   VG Name               centos

볼륨 그룹 확장

# vgextend centos /dev/sda3   Volume group "centos" successfully extended

볼륨그룹 크기 확인(vgdisplay)

# vgdisplay   --- Volume group ---   VG Name               centos   System ID   Format                lvm2   Metadata Areas        2   Metadata Sequence No  6   VG Access             read/write   VG Status             resizable   MAX LV                0   Cur LV                3   Open LV               3   Max PV                0   Cur PV                2   Act PV                2   VG Size               498.99 GiB   PE Size               4.00 MiB   Total PE              127742   Alloc PE / Size       76543 / <299.00 GiB   Free  PE / Size       51199 / <200.00 GiB   VG UUID               aoN2d9-mvTm-1aoa-jV8n-cXJi-xedf-3MkzM7

물리적 파티션 용량 증가

# lvextend /dev/mapper/centos-root -l +100%FREE   <- 저는 남은 용량을 다 할당시킨다고 한거에요!!   Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12801 extents) to 250.00 GiB (64000 extents).   Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

리사이즈(아래와 같은 에러 발생시 파일시스템 구성확인해야함)

# resize2fs /dev/mapper/centos-root resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/mapper/centos-root Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.

아래부터는 위와 같은 에러 발생시 진행

Filesystem type 확인

# blkid /dev/mapper/centos-root /dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="1d37744e-a249-4fcc-8271-2118d3d59ea9" TYPE="xfs"

Xfs의 경우 아래와 같은 명령어 입력해야함

# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks          =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1          =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0 data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25          =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6400, version=2          =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0 data blocks changed from 13107200 to 65536000

용량 재확인

# df -h Filesystem                  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root     250G   48G  203G  20% / devtmpfs                     32G     0   32G   0% /dev tmpfs                        32G     0   32G   0% /dev/shm tmpfs                        32G   34M   32G   1% /run tmpfs                        32G     0   32G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1                  1014M  179M  836M  18% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home     245G  508M  245G   1% /home 10.231.227.140:/datalake01  536G  2.3G  534G   1% /nfs-hci-01 tmpfs                       6.3G     0  6.3G   0% /run/user/1000 tmpfs                       6.3G   12K  6.3G   1% /run/user/42

 

 

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